22.0 Learning aims, what you should already know, problem areas, introduction Learning aims What you should already know Delving deeper Introduction
22.2 Early embryonic development of the nervous system: Formation of the neural tube and neural crest Primary and secondary neurulation Formation of the neural tube Molecular mechanisms in the early development of the CNS Differentiation of the primitive neural tube or neuroblastic transformation of the ectoderm Cranio-caudal polarity of the neural tube Dorso-ventral polarity of the neural tube Formation of the neural crest
22.3 General development of the brain: Formation of the cerebral vesicles and the cerebral flexures Formation of the primitive cerebral vesicles Formation of the secondary cerebral vesicles and the cerebral flexures
22.4 Overview of histogenesis and myelinization of the neural tube Introduction Proliferation of the neuroepithelial stem cells Differentiation and cell migration Differentiation of the neuroblasts Differentiation of the glia cells Summary of the histogenesis of the primitive neural tube Myelinization Myelinization in the central nervous system Myelinization in the peripheral nervous system
22.5 Development of the spinal cord Introduction Metamere formation Morphogenesis of the spinal cord Histogenesis of the spinal cord Allometric growth of the spinal cord
22.6 Fundamentals of cerebral development Introduction Histogenesis of the cerebral cortex Radial cell migration Tangential cell migration Neocortex and allocortex Histogenesis of the cerebellum cortex Growth of the axons toward their target cells: the growth cone Apoptose Definition The most important triggers of apoptosis Neuronal splicing and plasticity of the synaptic connections
22.7 Brainstem: Development of the rhombencephalon (myelencephalon – 5th brain vesicle and metencephalon – 4th brain vesicle) Introduction Development of the myelencephalon (5th brain vesicle or medulla oblongata or bulbus spinalis) Development of the caudal part of the myelencephalon Development of the rostral part of the myelencephalon Disposition of the cranial nerves Overview of myelencephalon development Development of the metencephalon (4th brain vesicle – pons, cerebellum) Development of the Pons (floor) Development of the cerebellum (roof) Overview of metencephalon development
22.8 Brainstem: Development of the mesencephalon (3rd cerebral vesicle - peduncle) Introduction Development of the floor: basal plate and peduncle Development of the roof: aral plate and quadrigeminal plate (tectum) Synopsis of mesencephalon development
22.9 Development of the diencephalon (2nd cerebral vesicle) and hypophysis Introduction The roof plate and the IIIrd ventricle The alar plates (side walls and floor of the diencephalon) The epithalamus The hypothalamic sulcus The hypothalamus The median ganglionic eminence The optic vesicle Development of the hypophysis
22.10 Development of the telencephalon (first cerebral vesicle) Introduction Development during the embryonic phase (first 8 weeks) Development during the fetal phase Commissures of the telencephalon The lateral ventricle and the inner nuclear region Olfactory bulb and tract Synopsis of telencephalon development
22.11 The embryonic development of the cerebral vascularization Introduction Circulus arteriosus cerebri (Willis) Arterial vascular territories The venous brain system
