Chapters

8.0 Learning aims, what you should already know, introduction, delving deeper

• Learning aims
  
• What you should already know
  
• Introduction
• Delving deeper

8.1 The Carnegie stages

• Definitions
  
• Synoptic table of the Carnegie stages 1 - 6
• Synoptic table of the Carnegie stages 7 - 10
• Synoptic table of the Carnegie stages 11 - 13
• Synoptic table of the Carnegie stages 14 -16
• Synoptic table of the Carnegie stages 17 - 19
• Synoptic table of the Carnegie stages 20 - 23

8.2 From the blastoderm layer to the embryo

• From the second to the fourth week

8.3 Folding of the germinal disk and the generation of the abdominal wall (4th week)

• Introduction
• The cephalo-caudal folding (in the longitudinal direction)
• The lateral folding (in the transversal direction, rolling up)
  • Condition of the folding at the end of the 4th week

8.4 The most important events in the third to eighth developmental weeks

• Introduction to the development processes during the third week (stages 6 to 7; ca. 17-19 days)
• Fourth week (stages 8 to 10; ca. 23-28 days)
• Fifth week (stages 11 to 14; ca. 29-33 days)
  
  • development of the pharyngeal arches
• Sixth week (stages 15 to 17; ca. 36-41 days)
  • development of the pharyngeal arches
• Seventh week (stages 18 to 20; ca. 44-49 days)
• Eighth week (stages 21 to 23; ca. 51-56 days)

8.5 Control of the embryonic development

• Introduction
• Control factors of embryonic and fetal origin
• Control factors of maternal origin
  

8.6 Congenital abnormalities

• Inherited or congenital abnormalities
  

8.7 Embryopathies

• Introduction
• Classification of the congenital abnormalities
• Primary abnormalities
  
• Secondary abnormalities
  
• Viral pathogens
  
• Non-viral pathogens
  
• Medications, hormones and chemical products
  
• Physical agents
  
• Further factors
  
• Summary

8.8 Quiz

• Test your knowledge

8.9 Brief summary

• Summarized

8.10 Bibliography

• References