Chapters

19.0 Learning aims, what you already should know, introduction, delving deeper

• Learning aims
  
• What you already should know
  
• Introduction
• Delving deeper

19.1 Face and upper foregut

• Introduction
  
• Development of the facial region
• Oral cavity
• Tongue
• Development of the teeth
• Development of the salivary glands
• Definitive pharynx: Derivatives of the first and second pharyngeal arches
  • Thyroid
  • Middle ear
    
  • Tonsils
• Derivatives of the third and fourth pharyngeal arches
  • Thymus
  • Parathyroid glands and ultimopharyngeal bodies
    
• Lungs

19.2 Lower foregut

• Introduction
  
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Duodenum

19.3 Midgut

• Introduction
  
• Intestinal rotation

19.4 Hindgut

• Introduction
  
• Hindgut

19.5 Mesenterial relationships and blood supply of the intestines

• Introduction
  
• Mesenterial relationships
• The blood supply of the intestines

19.6 Pancreas

• Introduction
  
• Dorsal pancreas
• Ventral pancreas

19.7 Liver, gall bladder and passages

• Introduction
  
• Development and function of the liver
• Blood supply of the liver

19.8 Pathology

• Facial abnormalities
  • Cheiloschisis (cleft lip)
  • Cheilognathoschisis (cleft lip and jaw)
  • Cheilognathopalatoschisis (cleft lip, jaw and palate)
  • Facial cleft
• Pathology of the headgut
  • Cervical fistulas, cysts and sinus
  • Pierre Robin syndrome (PRS)
  • Persisting thyreoglossal duct
  • CATCH 22 syndrome
  • Missing descent of the pharyngeal pouch derivates
• Pathology of the foregut
  • Abnormalities in the esophagus region
  • Pyloric stenosis
  • Duodenal stenosis
• Pathology of the midgut
  • Meckel's diverticulum
  • Omphalocele
  • Malrotation and coecal elevation
  • Atresias
  • Aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease)
• Pathology of the hindgut
  • Missing perforation of the anus, anal atresia, fistulas
• Liver abnormalities
  • Atresias of the bile passages
• Pancreas abnormalities
  • Annular pancreas
  • Cystic fibrosis (CF)

19.9 Quiz

• Test your knowledge

19.10 Brief summary

• Summarized

19.11 Bibliography

• References